Five Successful Launches Achieved In Antarctica
Orbital ATK has completed a record total of five successful scientific balloon flight launches at this year’s NASA Antarctica Long Duration Balloon Flight Campaign. The launches occurred in Antarctica from November 28 through December 12. All five balloons remained airborne for six days through December 18 marking a new flight record for NASA’s scientific balloon team.
The program is administered by the Goddard Space Flight Center’s Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Virginia and operated from the Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility (CSBF) in Palestine, Texas. Orbital ATK manages NASA’s Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility and provides mission planning, engineering services, and field operations under NASA’s Balloon Operations Contract. The Columbia team has launched more than 1,700 scientific balloons from seven countries in the past 35 years.
“Our experienced and dedicated team is proud to support NASA in this record breaking achievement,” said John Pullen, Vice President and General Manager, Technical Services Division of Orbital ATK’s Space Systems Group. “Five successful balloon launches in the span of two weeks is an incredible accomplishment and demonstrates a steadfast commitment to providing unmatched reliability and performance on each mission for our customer. We congratulate NASA for this historic campaign which will help maintain the Wallops Flight Facility’s position as the world leader in scientific ballooning operations.”
The five payloads took flight from a balloon launch site on Antarctica’s Ross Ice Shelf near McMurdo Station with support from the National Science Foundation’s United States Antarctic Program. The payloads and instruments will provide critical scientific data in the study of cosmic ray particles and the life cycle of the interstellar medium, which is the matter that fills the space between stars in the galaxy.
NASA used its largest zero pressure balloon for the first three flights, which at 40-million-cubic-feet of volume is as large as a football stadium when fully inflated. On average, a NASA Antarctic mission can achieve around 20 days of flight.
The first flight took place on November 28 with the launch of the University of Maryland’s Boron and Carbon Cosmic rays in the Upper Stratosphere (BACCUS) experiment. BACCUS will investigate the density and the chemicals in the environment between stars by studying cosmic ray particles. It has completed two circumnavigations and is currently on a third leg around the South Pole. The second flight known as the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) from the University of Hawaii launched on December 2. ANITA has completed one circumnavigation and was more than halfway through a second circumnavigation as of December 19. Scientists will use ANITA’s instruments to study the reactions in the core of stars and as they explode via the release of high energy particles known as neutrinos that travel to Earth and interact with the Antarctica ice.
A third balloon, carrying the Stratospheric Terahertz Observatory (STO-II) from the University of Arizona, launched on December 8 and is currently three quarters through its first circumnavigation. The instrument is designed to study the interstellar medium in order to better understand the life cycle of stars.
Finally, two smaller hand-launched balloons deployed on December 11 and 12, carrying the High Altitude Radio Frequency Surface Reflectivity Calibration (ANITA Hi-Cal) #1 and #2 payloads from the University of Kansas. As they track the ANITA flight path, the Hi-Cal flights measure the reflectivity of the ice by emitting a signal from a suspended radio frequency transmitter. The Hi-Cal #2 flight ended on December 18 after completing one-half of a circumnavigation.
(Image provided with Orbital ATK news release)
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