FAA airport safety
researchers at the William J. Hughes Technical Center have created
a prototype taxiway screen that can help prevent runway incursions
at airports with taxiways that pass well beyond the ends of
runways.
These screens can be placed at the end of a runway to block the
view between that runway and an end-around taxiway. End-around
taxiways are built beyond the 1,000-foot runway safety area.
Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson and Detroit’s Metro
airports have such taxiways, and one will be installed at
Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport to facilitate aircraft
movement between the runways and terminal gates without having to
cross active runways. In addition to safer operations, the taxiways
have the potential to increase capacity.
The two screens that will go up at Dallas-Fort Worth will be 700
feet long. Each will be 13 feet high.
The screens “hide” aircraft on end-around taxiways
from the view of pilots preparing to take off on active runways.
The screens give the pilots a point of reference, enabling them to
focus on aircraft that are taxiing on the runways (in front of the
screens) and to distinguish them from those moving on the taxiways
behind the screens.
“This project helps address two of the FAA’s key
challenges: increasing airport capacity and reducing runway
incursions,” said Joan Bauerlein, FAA Director of Aviation
Research and Development. “Our researchers are working on
engineered solutions to improve safety at airports, especially
those that are limited in their ability to expand.”
The prototype system,
built and tested by FAA researchers, is a 112-foot long, 13-foot
high plastic cardboard screen set up on two mobile trailers,
allowing for easy movement on and off the runway. The screens are
being tested in different configurations.
The screens were set up recently at Atlantic City International
Airport, at the end of the 10,000-foot runway 13-31. Researchers
used an airport vehicle to simulate an airplane taking off, and
videotaped its movement along the runway to see how well the
screens blocked a pilot’s view of the taxiway areas, beyond
the end of the runway.
Upcoming tests will determine if the screen is more effective
with chevron stripes or a checkerboard pattern. Testers also will
study the effectiveness of reflective screening materials and the
best lighting configuration to make the screens most visible at
night. Also, the new screen will be double the size –
increased to 224 feet in length – for the next set of tests.
Testing is expected to continue through April.
This research is intended to support a national agency standard
for end-around taxiway screens. Dallas-Fort Worth plans to install
the first FAA-approved screens later this year.